Suboxone and Methadone: What Is the Difference?

Living with opioid addiction can be a difficult and complex experience. But luckily, there are medications like Suboxone and methadone to help you manage withdrawal symptoms as you pursue recovery. But what is the difference between these two drugs?

This blog post will look at how Suboxone and methadone compare in terms of safety profile, effectiveness, cost considerations, and more. So, if you're considering either of these treatments for opioid addiction, read on to find out which may be best for your unique situation.

What's the difference between Suboxone and Methadone?

What Do Methadone and Suboxone Treat?

Methadone and Suboxone are both FDA-approved medications used to treat opioid addiction. However, methadone is also being used to treat chronic pain, whereas Suboxone is only used for addiction. Both medications reduce withdrawal symptoms, cravings, and pain associated with opioid addiction.

Methadone is a full opioid agonist and binds to the same receptors in the brain as opioids like heroin and oxycodone. Being a full opioid agonist, it helps reduce the effects of withdrawal and cravings by providing a steady release of opioids into the body. It allows people with opioid addiction to remain abstinent from using illicit drugs.

Suboxone has two active ingredients: buprenorphine and naloxone. Buprenorphine is an opioid partial agonist, which binds to the same receptors as opioids like heroin and oxycodone, but not as strongly. It reduces withdrawal symptoms and cravings without producing intense euphoria associated with full opioid agonists. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that blocks the effects of other opioids. 

Treatment Process for Suboxone and Methadone

Methadone is usually administered in a clinic-based setting two to three times per day. At the beginning of your methadone treatment, the doctor will need to see you taking the medication at the clinic daily. After a few weeks, some people may be allowed to take home doses of methadone if they can demonstrate they are taking it as prescribed and are not misusing it. Remember, methadone is only acquired from a certified clinic and cannot be obtained from a regular pharmacy.

Suboxone, on the other hand, can be taken in the comfort of your home once a doctor has prescribed it. The doctor will provide a prescription and instructions on taking Suboxone correctly so you can manage your opioid addiction safely and effectively. You may have to visit your doctor to receive refills of Suboxone, but you won't have to visit the clinic every day as you do with methadone. During treatment, your Suboxone doctor will monitor your progress and adjust your dosage if needed.

Suboxone and Methadone Ingredients

Methadone only has one active ingredient: methadone hydrochloride.

Suboxone is a combination of two drugs: buprenorphine and naloxone. Buprenorphine is an opioid partial agonist that reduces cravings and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist which helps prevent medication abuse by blocking opioid receptors in the brain.

Forms of Suboxone and Methadone

Methadone is available in five different forms:

• Oral tablet

• Dispersible tablet (can be dissolved in liquid)

• Oral concentrate

• Oral solution

• Injectable solution

Suboxone mainly comes in two different forms:

• Oral tablet (taken sublingually)

• Oral film (taken sublingually or buccally)

Dosage Strength

Methadone comes in 2 different dosage strengths as follows:

• 5 mg

• 10 mg

Suboxone comes in 4 different dosage strengths:

• 2 mg buprenorphine/0.5 mg naloxone

• 4 mg buprenorphine/1 mg naloxone

• 8 mg buprenorphine/2 mg naloxone

• 12 mg buprenorphine/3 mg naloxone

The daily dosage of both medications will depend on the individual and their needs. Your doctor will determine the best dose for you when you start treatment.

Side Effects of Suboxone and Methadone

In overview, methadone has fewer side effects than Suboxone. Common side effects of methadone include the following:

• Dizziness and drowsiness

• Nausea and vomiting

• Constipation and stomach pain

• Excessive sweating

• Rapid heart rate

• Seizures

• Allergic reaction

• Breathing problems

Suboxone has a long list of common side effects in addition to the ones listed for methadone. These side effects are as follows:

• Numb mouth and swollen tongue

• Blurry vision

• Weight changes

• Back pain, joint pain, and muscle aches

• Dry mouth

• Respiratory depression

• Low blood pressure

• Liver problems

Most of these side effects are mild and temporary. However, it is crucial to report any side effects to your doctor as they can become more severe if not treated. Fortunately, the more severe side effects are rare and can usually be managed. But if side effects persist, it is crucial to contact a doctor to determine the best course of action.

Cost and Insurance

Methadone is generally cheaper than Suboxone.

Methadone will typically cost you a few dollars per dose, but considering convenience and other factors, the total cost of your treatment with methadone can be much higher. For instance, the cost of going to a clinic can add up to a substantial amount.

Suboxone can be more expensive than methadone, as a month’s supply of Suboxone tablets can cost around $100-$800 without insurance. 

Unlike methadone clinics which are generally open during certain hours, getting refills for a Suboxone prescription requires visiting the doctor every month.

Fortunately, insurance plans often cover Suboxone or methadone treatment. It is essential to check with your insurance provider before starting any treatment to understand the coverage and cost. The most notable insurance providers that cover both treatments include Medicare and Medicaid.

Misuse Potential

Both methadone and Suboxone have the potential for misuse. You can take the drug for reasons other than what it is prescribed, like getting a feeling of euphoria. People may also mix these drugs with other substances, such as alcohol, opioids, or benzodiazepines, to enhance the effects.

Methadone has been used as a recreational drug due to its sedative effects, despite its medical purpose. The risk of addiction and overdose is high when misused in any form, hence why it is only available through medical clinics and not pharmacies.

Suboxone also carries a risk for misuse, as it contains buprenorphine which gives users an opioid-like high when taken in higher doses. Remember, these drugs are only effective when used properly under medical supervision. However, Suboxone contains naloxone, which combats the opioid effect of buprenorphine if taken in higher doses. That provides an extra layer of protection against misuse and abuse, which methadone does not have.

Drug Interactions

Methadone and Suboxone can interact with other drugs, including alcohol. As both are opioids, you must avoid taking them along with other opioid pain relievers as it can lead to an overdose.

Both methadone and Suboxone can also lead to more severe side effects if taken with certain drugs such as benzodiazepines, alcohol, antihistamines, and antidepressants. You must inform your doctor before taking either of these drugs if you are already taking any other medication.

Find the Right Treatment for You

No matter which type of treatment plan you choose, ensure your provider knows the differences between Suboxone and methadone and can work with you to provide the best treatment possible.

Remember, there are both benefits and risks. Make sure to discuss these with your doctor before starting either medication. Ultimately, each person’s situation will require an individualized treatment plan, so talk to your doctor about which one of these medications might work best for you. To find the proper treatment near you, visit SuboxoneDoctor.com to start your recovery today.